livecasinosupersicbo|权益基金一季报,"迷你基"竟打头阵!业绩乏善可陈,有何启示?

Date: 5个月前 (04-13)View: 59Comments: 0

  依据业界约定俗成的默认规则,无论是上市公司还是公募基金,定期报告披露历来是“靓女先嫁”,即业绩优秀的报告会最新披露,但也有例外。

  4月12日,市场迎来首份公募权益基金一季报,“打头阵”的是一只名为南华杭州湾区ETF的迷你基金。截至今年一季度末,南华杭州湾区ETF的权益仓位在99%以上,但过往多个维度业绩均乏善可陈。实际上,南华杭州湾区ETF作为首只浙江主题ETF与湾区主题ETF,当年并不缺乏关注度。其他公司随后跟进推出粤港澳大湾区、成渝经济圈、长三角等区域ETF,但这些产品同样出现了类似结果。

  在ETF高度竞争格局下,这成了颇有警示意义的案例livecasinosupersicbo:主题ETFF发展应走精细化路线,要直视来自市场容量和投资需求的反馈,一味跟风发行“时髦”产品,往往难逃迅速清盘宿命。这些警示,既适合区域ETF,也适合中证800增强策略ETF、财富管理ETF、国证2000ETF等当前热门产品。

livecasinosupersicbo|权益基金一季报,"迷你基"竟打头阵!业绩乏善可陈,有何启示?

  早已跌破5000万,基金公司不愿清盘

  一季报显示,南华杭州湾区ETF成立于2018年12月14日,成立时规模为5livecasinosupersicbo.03亿元。但从规模曲线来看,该基金规模从2019年下半年就开始缩水,随后逐渐沦为迷你基金。

  具体看,该基金规模早在2019年三季度末跌破2亿元,到了2020年一季度末只有0.45亿元。随后,该基金规模持续在1亿元上下挣扎,自2020年三季度之后就一直维持在5000万元以下的“迷你”状态。但即便如此,南华基金并不想该基金清盘。该基金一季报显示,在一季度内该基金存在连续60个工作日基金资产净值低于5000万元的情形。根据相关规定条件,南华基金已向证监会提交解决方案。

  南华杭州湾区ETF是一只完全按照中证杭州湾区指数的成份股组成及其权重构建组合的指数基金。在跟踪精确度上,该基金表示力争日均跟踪偏离度的绝对值不超过0.2%,年跟踪误差不超过2%。根据中证指数公司官网信息,中证杭州湾区指数是从中证杭州湾区指数从环杭州湾区域中选取100只流动性好、盈利能力高且兼具成长性的上市公司证券作为指数样本,以反映环杭州湾区域上市公司证券的整体表现。

  截至目前,该指数自由流通市值为1.54万亿元,在权重比例超过30%的前十大股中,既有杭州湾地区的银行股(宁波银行(002142)、杭州银行(600926)),也有半导体、新旧能源、医药等其他行业个股,包括中微公司(688012)、三花智控(002050)、华友钴业(603799)、荣盛石化(002493)、恒生电子(600570)、泰格医药(300347),以及安防龙头海康威视(002415)。

  截至今年一季度末,南华杭州湾区ETF的权益仓位在99%以上。一季报显示,截至2024年一季度末该基金过去3个月、过去6个月、过去1年、过去3年、过去5年均为负收益,收益率分别为-6.36%、-13.23%、-28.01%、-38.81%、-9.82%,仅成立至今获得了正收益,收益率为7.61%。但从剔除业绩比较基准波动之后的超额收益来看,该基金表现并没那么差,上述对应维度的超额收益分别为-0.15%、-0.33%、0.51、1.07%、4.90%、1.60%。

  区域ETF整体业绩乏善可陈

  实际上,南华杭州湾区ETF上述发展过程,是近年来权益ETF发展的一个缩影。一方面,在前几年市场行情好时,权益ETF难敌各类业绩绽放的赛道主动权益基金;另一方面,即便是近2年行情不好时ETF迎来逆市发展,策略粗糙、仅有简单“概念”或“主题”包装的ETF,依然难以获得市场关注。

  从整个发展过程来看,南华杭州湾区ETF作为首只浙江主题ETF与湾区主题ETF,当年成立时并不缺乏市场关注度。不仅如此,在南华杭州湾区ETF之后,其他基金公司陆续跟进推出聚焦区域指数的ETF产品,由此形成一轮蓬勃发展的“区域基金”潮。但从发展至今情况来看,其他“区域基金”同样由于长期业绩不佳而沦为迷你基金。

  比如,成立于2019年9月的平安粤港澳大湾区ETF,是国内首只粤港澳大湾区主题ETF,成立时规模高达60亿元,但出来后规模迅速缩水,2020年一季度跌破20亿元,2020年三季度跌破5亿元,2022年末跌破1亿元,截至2023年末规模只有0.64亿元。从业绩来看,截至目前该基金近1年、近3年、成立以来三个维度均为负值,近3年亏损甚至接近30%。同样成立于2019年的方正富邦大湾区综指(LOF),截至2023年末规模只剩下0.05亿元,近3年亏损超过了40%。类似的情况,还出现在工银粤港澳大湾区创新100ETF等产品身上。

  需要指出的是,这类基金表现不佳并不是单个区域情况,聚焦其他区域的ETF产品同样乏善可陈,包括成渝经济圈ETF和湖北新旧动能转换ETF,以及中证长三角ETF等产品。

  跟风“时髦”往往蕴藏较大风险

  表面上看,区域ETF采取的是一种差异化产品策略,即另辟蹊径跟踪了不同于主流指数的区域性指数。但从发展情况来看,这类指数的收益特征并不明显,使得这类ETF走向没落。在谈及ETF发展策略时,业内人士多次和券商中国记者指出其中存在的问题。

A large public offering market personage told reporters bluntly that ETF has indeed developed rapidly in recent years, but the differentiation is also more obvious. With the deepening of market education, investors gradually accept the concept of asset allocation and choose instrumental products such as ETF with the logic of "bottom allocation". In particular, mature institutional investors will prefer the head company products with good liquidity and representative index. Minority theme products may be more "storytelling", but it is difficult to get sustained attention because of limited capacity or unclear strategic characteristics.

"the region belongs to the regional attribute, so it is difficult to become an effective investment factor. Because companies in the same region can come from different industries, and there are even head companies and tail companies in a certain industry. I don't think it's a good investment strategy to track this kind of index completely. " A small and medium-sized public offering insiders said that the fund put on a regional "cloak" is still an industry-themed investment. However, small areas such as Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle and Hangzhou Bay are difficult to become effective constraints for individual stock screening. In recent years, fund companies have launched regional ETF, to some extent, it is only a simple copy of regional listed companies, it is difficult to become effective passive investment products, thus gradually moving towards liquidation.

The inspiration from this is that the theme ETFF development of fund companies should take a refined route to further capture the allocation needs of market funds, rather than investing too much resources in formal or conceptual packaging. From the long-term follow-up of Chinese reporters of securities firms, after the existing scale exceeds 2 trillion yuan, the development of ETF should not only deal with the clich é problem of homogenization, but also look directly at the feedback from market capacity and investment demand, blindly issuing "fashionable" products often contains greater risks. This is reflected not only in the above-mentioned ETF, but also in the "mainstream" ETF in the second half of 2023, including the enhanced strategy ETF, wealth management ETF, national card 2000ETF and other varieties.

Editor: Li Xuefeng

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